Tag Archives: trailer tractor

China factory 13t 16tons American Type Hydraulic Tractor Torsion Semi Trailer Axle cv axle replacement cost

Product Description

Product Description

Our trailer axles are suitable for American and German trucks. We have many models. We can produce American & German Axles of various specifications according to your drawings, sample or specific parameters you give us.

Product Name

Trailer Axle

Type

American drum type

Capacity

13T, 15T, 16T, 20T

Total Length

About 2185 mm (According to the model)

Weight

About 330 KG (According to the model)

Material

Iron

Color

Black

Brand

CCQ

Package

Carton, wooden  box

Quality

Super

Port

China Port

Payment

T/T, L/C, D/P, D/A, MoneyGram, Credit Card, PayPal, Western Union

Service

OEM, ODM

Accessories
It adopts high-quality accessories from major brands at home and abroad, and global standard American
axle specifications. It has strong practicability, low price and convenient maintenance.
Axle
The factory produces its own shaft tube with quality assurance and cost advantage. The assembly process
strictly abides by international quality standards to create high-quality products.

    

Inboard drum series trailer axle
Axle Type Max Capacity
(T)
Track
L2 (mm)
Brake
(mm)
Spring Seat Installation Axle Beam
(mm)
Centre Distance Of Brake Chamber
(mm)
Wheel Fixing Total Length
(mm)
Recommended Wheel Axle Weight
(kg)
Stud P.C.D
(mm)
H
(mm)
HRD-UI08 8 1850 420*150 ≥1080 Round 127 428 10*M22*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2145 7.5V-20 323
HRD-U13I1 13 1840 420*180 ≥970 Round 127 388 10*M22*1.5 ISO 285.75 220.8 ~2180 7.5V-20 360
HRD-U13I2 13 1840 420*180 ≥970 Round 127 382 10*M22*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2180 7.5V-20 342
HRD-U13I3 13 1840 420*180 ≥930 Square 150 388 10*M22*1.5 ISO 285.75 220.8 ~2180 7.5V-20 358
HRD-U13I4 13 1840 420*180 ≥930 Square 150 382 10*M22*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2180 7.5V-20 340
HRD-U14I1 14 1840 420*220 ≥930 Square 150 342 10*M22*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2180 7.5V-20 358
HRD-U15I1 15 1850 420*180 ≥980 Round 127 390 10*M22*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2200 8.0V-20 344
HRD-U15I2 15 1850 420*180 ≥940 Square 150 390 10*M22*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2200 8.0V-20 370
HRD-U16I1 16 1850 420*220 ≥980 Round 127 350 10*M22*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2200 8.0V-20 362
HRD-U16I2 16 1850 420*220 ≥940 Square 150 350 10*M22*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2200 8.0V-20 388
HRD-U20I1 20 1850 420*220 ≥940 Square 150 345 10*M24*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2247 8.5V-20 430
HRD-U25I1 25 1850 420*220 ≥940 Square 150 340 10*M24*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2215 8.5V-20 474

 

Outboard drum series trailer axle 
Axle Type Max Capacity
(T)
Track
L2 (mm)
Brake
(mm)
Spring Seat Installation Axle Beam
(mm)
Centre Distance Of Brake Chamber
(mm)
Wheel Fixing Total Length
(mm)
Recommended Wheel Axle Weight
(kg)
Stud P.C.D
(mm)
H(mm)
HRD-U13O1 13 1840 420*180 ≥970 Round 127 392 10*M22*1.5 ISO 285.75 220.8 ~2180 7.5V-20 345
HRD-U13O2 13 1840 420*180 ≥970 Round 127 388 10*M22*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2180 7.5V-20 363
HRD-U13O3 13 1840 420*180 ≥970 Round 127 372 10*M22*1.5 ISO 285.75 220.8 ~2180 7.5V-20 348
HRD-U13O4 13 1840 420*180 ≥970 Round 127 372 10*M22*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2180 7.5V-20 360
HRD-U13O5 13 1840 420*180 ≥970 Square 127 392 10*M22*1.5 ISO 285.75 220.8 ~2180 7.5V-20 340
HRD-U13O6 13 1840 420*180 ≥970 Square 127 388 10*M22*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2180 7.5V-20 358
HRD-U13O7 13 1840 420*180 ≥970 Square 127 372 10*M22*1.5 ISO 285.75 220.8 ~2180 7.5V-20 343
HRD-U13O8 13 1840 420*180 ≥970 Square 127 372 10*M22*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2180 7.5V-20 355
HRD-U13O9 13 1840 420*180 ≥930 Square 150 392 10*M22*1.5 ISO 285.75 220.8 ~2180 7.5V-20 343
HRD-U13O10 13 1840 420*180 ≥930 Square 150 388 10*M22*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2180 7.5V-20 361
HRD-U13O11 13 1840 420*220 ≥930 Square 150 372 10*M22*1.5 ISO 285.75 220.8 ~2180 7.5V-20 346
HRD-U13O12 13 1840 420*220 ≥930 Square 150 372 10*M22*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2180 7.5V-20 358
HRD-U13O13 13 1820 420*180 ≥910 Square 150 388 10*M22*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2150 7.5V-20 340
HRD-U15O1 15 1850 420*180 ≥940 Square 150 398 10*M22*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2200 8.0V-20 385
HRD-U16O1 16 1850 420*220 ≥940 Square 150 358 10*M22*1.5 ISO 335 280.8 ~2200 8.0V-20 405

Trailer parts trailer axle performance:
1. Integrated high quality low-alloy axle tube has strong carrying capacity and high bending strength.
2. The axle tube tempered as a whole and then quenching optimized which made by finishing high-precision machinery.
3. Environmentally friendly Non-asbestos brake shoe which increase the wearing life more than 25%.
4. Brake components have strong interchangeability, S-camshaft, so that have more flexible and reliable brake action. 
5. Adopt Mobil XHP222 grease which has maintenance-free longer.
6. Adopt heavy-duty bearings which specially used for heavy vehicles have strong interchangeability.
7. The unique beauty with O-ring of the steel wheel cover has special good performance. 
8. ABS optional.

 

Trailer Axle Process Manufacturing

 

Product Recommended

 

Why Choose US

 

HangZhou Hongruida Trailer Parts Co., Ltd. Mainly produces semi trailer and its related trailer accessories, truck parts, including various types of American type trailer axle, concave axle, spoke axle, German type trailer axle, agricultural axle, American type suspension, single point suspension, rigid suspension, air suspension, leaf spring and landing gear, kingpin, air chamber, air reservoir, etc. Our sales network covers all regions of the world. Both new and old customers support customization. 

We have advanced processing technology, first-class production line, professional production quality, high-quality service concept, guarantee your trailer business brighter! Our products are produced strictly in accordance with national implementation standards, with reasonable prices, and the cost performance ratio is far ahead in the industry, which is highly praised by customers! 

High quality, competitive price to continue to provide customers witih best products is our constant pursuit. With advanced first class production equipments and high technology engineerings, which make high quality and one-to-1 24 hours full-time service, our products are being exported more than 30 countries with the right to import and export. Welcome your inquiry.
Our Service
1. Advanced equipment and rich experience workers are applied during the whole producing process to ensure the quality of Low bed semi trailer.
2. We have passed ISO9001:2008, CCC, BV, SGS, TUV.
3. We have more than 20 years of experience and a strong team of engineers, we are manufacturer, we could design the product according to your special requirements.
4. We have rest assured after-sales service.

Packaging & Shipping

We usually adopt shipping by bulk cargo, flat rack, container container and Roro ship. We will arrange the most cost-effective transportation mode according to the quantity of products. All trailers will be polished with wax before shipping. We guarantee that all products have gone through strict inspection and are in good condition before shipment. We strive for 100% customer satisfaction on every sale we close.

Delivery time:10-20 working days after payment receipt confirmed (based on actual quantity). 

Packing:Standard export packing, or customized packing as your request. 

Professional goods shipping forwarder.

FAQ

1. How is the quality of your products?

Our products are manufactured in strict accordance with national and international standards, and we test each product before delivery. If you would like to view our quality certification and various test reports, please contact us.

 

2. How about price? 

We are a factory and CZPT to give you the lowest price. Please trust the quotation we would give you, and it is professional one.

 

3. Why should you chose us? 

Choosing us happens because of quality, then price, and we can give you both. Additionally, we can also offer professional products inquiry,products knowledge train(for agents), smooth goods delivery, excellent customer solution proposals.

 

4. How to ensure the interests of buyers? 

Our company supports Alibaba online trading, which not only ensures the safety of the buyer’s funds, but also guarantees the quality of the goods. From the outbound, to the loading, and finally to the receiving, the whole process is transparent.

 

5. How to guarantee delivery time?

We are a factory with a large inventory of stock, which guarantees that the goods will be shipped within the shortest time from the date of signing the contract.

 

6. How to get samples? 

We can provide samples for buyer’s testing free of charge, but buyers need to pay for shipping costs.

 

 

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After-sales Service: 1 Year
Condition: New
Axle Number: 2
Application: Trailer
Certification: ASTM, CE, DIN, ISO
Material: Steel
Samples:
US$ 450/Piece
1 Piece(Min.Order)

|
Request Sample

Customization:
Available

|

Customized Request

axle

Are there guidelines for choosing the right axle for towing heavy loads?

When it comes to towing heavy loads, selecting the appropriate axle is crucial for ensuring safe and efficient towing performance. While the specific guidelines may vary depending on the vehicle and towing requirements, there are general considerations to keep in mind when choosing the right axle. Here’s a detailed explanation of the guidelines for selecting the right axle for towing heavy loads:

Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR):

One of the primary factors to consider is the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) provided by the vehicle manufacturer. The GAWR specifies the maximum weight that an axle is designed to support safely. It is essential to ensure that the selected axle’s GAWR is sufficient to handle the anticipated weight of the loaded trailer and any additional cargo or passengers in the towing vehicle. Exceeding the GAWR can lead to axle failure, compromised handling, and safety risks.

Towing Capacity:

Check the towing capacity of your vehicle, which represents the maximum weight that the vehicle is rated to tow. The axle’s capacity should align with the towing capacity to ensure safe and efficient towing. Consider the type and size of the trailer you intend to tow, including its loaded weight, tongue weight, and any weight distribution considerations. The axle should be capable of handling the anticipated load without exceeding its capacity.

Matching Axle and Suspension:

The axle and suspension system work together to support the weight of the vehicle and the trailer being towed. It is important to ensure that the axle and suspension are properly matched to provide adequate support and stability. Consider the type of suspension (leaf springs, coil springs, air suspension) and the axle’s design (solid axle, independent suspension) to ensure compatibility and optimal towing performance.

Braking System:

When towing heavy loads, the braking system plays a critical role in maintaining control and safety. Ensure that the axle is equipped with appropriate brakes that can handle the increased load. Consider the type of brakes, such as electric brakes or hydraulic brakes, and their capacity to provide sufficient stopping power for the combined weight of the towing vehicle and trailer.

Weight Distribution:

Proper weight distribution is essential for safe towing. The axle should be selected based on the anticipated weight distribution between the towing vehicle and the trailer. Consider factors like tongue weight and the use of weight distribution hitches or sway control devices to ensure balanced weight distribution and optimal handling characteristics.

Consult Manufacturer Recommendations:

Always refer to the vehicle manufacturer’s recommendations, specifications, and guidelines when selecting an axle for towing heavy loads. The manufacturer’s guidelines will provide accurate and vehicle-specific information to help you make the right choice. Consult the owner’s manual or contact the manufacturer directly for any specific towing-related recommendations.

It’s important to note that towing requirements and axle specifications can vary depending on the vehicle make and model, as well as regional regulations. It is advisable to consult with automotive experts, such as mechanics or dealerships, who have expertise in towing and can provide specific recommendations based on your vehicle and towing needs.

axle

What are the symptoms of a failing CV joint, and how does it relate to the axle?

A CV (constant velocity) joint is an essential component of the axle assembly in many vehicles. When a CV joint starts to fail, it can exhibit several symptoms that indicate potential problems. Here’s a detailed explanation of the symptoms of a failing CV joint and its relationship to the axle:

Symptoms of a Failing CV Joint:

1. Clicking or popping sounds: One of the most common signs of a failing CV joint is a clicking or popping sound when making turns. This noise usually occurs during tight turns and may indicate worn-out or damaged CV joint bearings.

2. Grease leakage: A failing CV joint may leak grease, which can be seen as dark-colored grease splattered around the CV joint or on the inside of the wheel. Grease leakage is typically caused by a cracked or damaged CV joint boot, which allows the lubricating grease to escape and contaminants to enter.

3. Excessive vibration: A worn-out CV joint can cause vibrations, especially during acceleration. The vibrations may be felt in the steering wheel, floorboards, or even the entire vehicle. These vibrations can become more noticeable as the CV joint deteriorates further.

4. Difficulty in turning: As the CV joint wears out, it may become difficult to turn the vehicle, especially at low speeds or when making sharp turns. This symptom is often accompanied by a clicking or popping sound.

5. Uneven tire wear: A failing CV joint can lead to uneven tire wear. If the CV joint is damaged or worn, it can cause the axle to wobble or vibrate, resulting in uneven tire tread wear. This can be observed by visually inspecting the tires and noticing uneven patterns of wear.

Relationship to the Axle:

The CV joint is an integral part of the axle assembly. It connects the transmission to the wheels and allows smooth power delivery to the wheels while accommodating the up-and-down motion of the suspension. The axle shaft is responsible for transmitting torque from the transmission to the CV joints and ultimately to the wheels.

Axles contain one or more CV joints, depending on the vehicle’s drivetrain configuration. In front-wheel drive vehicles, each front axle typically has two CV joints, one inner and one outer. Rear-wheel drive and all-wheel drive vehicles may have CV joints on both the front and rear axles.

The CV joint consists of a joint housing, bearings, and internal ball bearings or rollers. It is protected by a rubber or thermoplastic CV joint boot, which seals in the grease and protects the joint from contaminants. When the CV joint fails, it can affect the axle’s ability to transmit power smoothly and result in the symptoms mentioned above.

Regular inspection and maintenance of the CV joint and axle assembly are crucial to identify and address any issues promptly. If any of the symptoms mentioned earlier are observed, it is recommended to have the vehicle inspected by a qualified mechanic to determine the exact cause and perform necessary repairs or replacements.

axle

What is the primary function of an axle in a vehicle or machinery?

An axle plays a vital role in both vehicles and machinery, providing essential functions for their operation. The primary function of an axle is to transmit rotational motion and torque from an engine or power source to the wheels or other rotating components. Here are the key functions of an axle:

  1. Power Transmission:
  2. An axle serves as a mechanical link between the engine or power source and the wheels or driven components. It transfers rotational motion and torque generated by the engine to the wheels, enabling the vehicle or machinery to move. As the engine rotates the axle, the rotational force is transmitted to the wheels, propelling the vehicle forward or driving the machinery’s various components.

  3. Support and Load Bearing:
  4. An axle provides structural support and load-bearing capability, especially in vehicles. It bears the weight of the vehicle or machinery and distributes it evenly across the wheels or supporting components. This load-bearing function ensures stability, balance, and proper weight distribution, contributing to safe and efficient operation.

  5. Wheel and Component Alignment:
  6. The axle helps maintain proper alignment of the wheels or rotating components. It ensures that the wheels are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the ground, promoting stability and optimal tire contact with the road surface. In machinery, the axle aligns and supports the rotating components, ensuring their correct positioning and enabling smooth and efficient operation.

  7. Suspension and Absorption of Shocks:
  8. In vehicles, particularly those with independent suspension systems, the axle plays a role in the suspension system’s operation. It may incorporate features such as differential gears, CV joints, or other mechanisms that allow the wheels to move independently while maintaining power transfer. The axle also contributes to absorbing shocks and vibrations caused by road irregularities, enhancing ride comfort and vehicle handling.

  9. Steering Control:
  10. In some vehicles, such as trucks or buses, the front axle also serves as a steering axle. It connects to the steering mechanism, allowing the driver to control the direction of the vehicle. By turning the axle, the driver can steer the wheels, enabling precise maneuverability and navigation.

  11. Braking:
  12. An axle often integrates braking components, such as brake discs, calipers, or drums. These braking mechanisms are actuated when the driver applies the brakes, creating friction against the rotating axle or wheels and causing deceleration or stopping of the vehicle. The axle’s design can affect braking performance, ensuring effective and reliable stopping power.

Overall, the primary function of an axle in both vehicles and machinery is to transmit rotational motion, torque, and power from the engine or power source to the wheels or rotating components. Additionally, it provides support, load-bearing capability, alignment, suspension, steering control, and braking functions, depending on the specific application and design requirements.

China factory 13t 16tons American Type Hydraulic Tractor Torsion Semi Trailer Axle   cv axle replacement costChina factory 13t 16tons American Type Hydraulic Tractor Torsion Semi Trailer Axle   cv axle replacement cost
editor by CX 2024-01-30

China OEM Heavy Duty Large Power Plant Cargo Trailer Transport Full Wheel Drive 6X4 CZPT Tractor Head with LNG CNG Fuels with Good quality

Product Description

 SHACMAN DUMP TRUCK, Welcome to your inquiry.
The business scope involves all products traded by customers in Central Asia, mainly in the fields of machinery and equipment, heavy trucks and heavy truck accessories, cargo transportation.

Product Description

Anti-skid: Prevent the idling of driving wheels on wet and slippery roads, such as snow, so that vehicles can start and accelerate smoothly. Especially on snow or muddy roads, the traction control system can ensure smooth acceleration performance and prevent the vehicle from transverse movement or tail flick due to the slippage of the driving wheels.

 

Nimble: when driving a vehicle, it makes the motor train have better mobility and flexibility.

Reliable operation: ensure that the connection between traction vehicle and trailer is reliable, convenient and quick.

 

Smooth: the traction force can be transmitted to the trailer smoothly and buffering the impact load. Anti-skid: Prevent the idling of driving wheels on wet and slippery roads, such as snow, so that vehicles can start and accelerate smoothly. Especially on snow or muddy roads, the traction control system can ensure smooth acceleration performance and prevent the vehicle from transverse movement or tail flick due to the slippage of the driving wheels.

 

Nimble: when driving a vehicle, it makes the motor train have better mobility and flexibility.

Reliable operation: ensure that the connection between traction vehicle and trailer is reliable, convenient and quick.

 

Smooth: the traction force can be transmitted to the trailer smoothly and buffering the impact load.

 

Product Parameters

Company Profile

 

Packaging & Shipping

We supervise the process from the factory to the port designated by the customer to ensure that the customer’s products arrive at the destination accurately and safely.

Car components

Workshop environment
Sample products
Welcome to cooperate

 

CONTACT INFOMATION

After Sales Service

 we are famous building machinery manufacturer, professional construction machinery exporter and 1 stop solution supplier in China, our team have  more than 15 years experience in this field already. 

(1)Warranty:Every product issued shall enjoy a one-year/2000 working hour warranty period, during which we will repair or replace the defective parts free of charge if material or process defects occur and spare parts are in normal working condition.

(2)Spare parts:CANMAX is dedicated to provide our clients with genuine spare parts with the highest quality,exact fitness and appropriate function.with our global distributor network,you are guaranteed with fast deliveries and services, wherever you are,please submit your spare parts request to us,and list products name ,description of required parts.we guarantee that your request will be handled quickly and appropriately.

(3)Installation & Maintenance:CANMAX is CZPT to provide with the overall installation of complicated machinery,allowing you to start the normal operation of construction machinery solutions.After installation,we will make inspection of the whole machine,operate equipment,and provide you with testing data reports of installation and operation.

(4)Training:CANMAX offer perfect facilities and comfortable environment and can provide training services to different users. The training sessions include product training, operation training, maintenance know-how, technical know-how training, standards, laws and regulations training and other training, all of which are tailored to fulfill your individual needs. Training programs can be conducted in our factory field, or at the client’s site.

(5)Technical Advice: CANMAX can also help customers to coordinate with trained service personnel and provide you with detailed and extensive knowledge. Through our technical advice, your machine life can be significantly extended and sustained high capacity.

We have already exported our products to more than 80 countries and regions, including: Africa, the Middle East, South America, Central Asia, Russia, Mexico, Australia, New Zealand, Holland, British, Mongolia and so on. 

 

FAQ

— Which countries do you export to?

Asia: India, Philippines, Thailand, Burma, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, etc. Middle East: Saudi Arabia,UAE, Jordan, Oman, Syria, Pakistan, Qatar, etc. Europe: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Bulgaria, etc. Africa: South Africa, Kenya, Congo, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Ghana, Algeria, Senegal, Tunisia, etc. South America: Brazil, Peru, Chile, Cuba, Venezuela, Mexico, etc. Oceania: Papua New Guinea, Australia, etc.

 –What is the proportion of your products exported?

75% of our products are exported to all over the world.

  –What is the payment term?

Payment term is negotiable and there will be favorable payment terms for long-term customers. TT, L/C, D/P, depending on the cooperation time, country and contract value.

  –What kind of logistic service do you supply?

A. Transportation: railway transportation, international through transport, including (international railway through transportation, Sea-rail intermodal through transportation, sea-land multimodal transportation. Means of transport : Container, LCL, FRC, ro-ro, bulk cargo, train carriage, truck, air plane.

B. Term: FOB,CIF, DAP, to door service, etc.

  –What spare parts can you supply?

All kinds of spare parts of SHXIHU (WEST LAKE) DIS.I, ZOOMLION, SINOTRUCK, SHACMAN, LIUGONG, SAN Y, SDL G, LONKING, XGMA, CZPT S ENGINE, ZF GEAR BOX, etc.

  —How about shipment?

20FT container, 40FT container,40FT high container,
open-top container,flat bed container ,Ro-Ro ship or bulk 
ship according to the size the products.

 

Analytical Approaches to Estimating Contact Pressures in Spline Couplings

A spline coupling is a type of mechanical connection between 2 rotating shafts. It consists of 2 parts – a coupler and a coupling. Both parts have teeth which engage and transfer loads. However, spline couplings are typically over-dimensioned, which makes them susceptible to fatigue and static behavior. Wear phenomena can also cause the coupling to fail. For this reason, proper spline coupling design is essential for achieving optimum performance.
splineshaft

Modeling a spline coupling

Spline couplings are becoming increasingly popular in the aerospace industry, but they operate in a slightly misaligned state, causing both vibrations and damage to the contact surfaces. To solve this problem, this article offers analytical approaches for estimating the contact pressures in a spline coupling. Specifically, this article compares analytical approaches with pure numerical approaches to demonstrate the benefits of an analytical approach.
To model a spline coupling, first you create the knowledge base for the spline coupling. The knowledge base includes a large number of possible specification values, which are related to each other. If you modify 1 specification, it may lead to a warning for violating another. To make the design valid, you must create a spline coupling model that meets the specified specification values.
After you have modeled the geometry, you must enter the contact pressures of the 2 spline couplings. Then, you need to determine the position of the pitch circle of the spline. In Figure 2, the centre of the male coupling is superposed to that of the female spline. Then, you need to make sure that the alignment meshing distance of the 2 splines is the same.
Once you have the data you need to create a spline coupling model, you can begin by entering the specifications for the interface design. Once you have this data, you need to choose whether to optimize the internal spline or the external spline. You’ll also need to specify the tooth friction coefficient, which is used to determine the stresses in the spline coupling model 20. You should also enter the pilot clearance, which is the clearance between the tip 186 of a tooth 32 on 1 spline and the feature on the mating spline.
After you have entered the desired specifications for the external spline, you can enter the parameters for the internal spline. For example, you can enter the outer diameter limit 154 of the major snap 54 and the minor snap 56 of the internal spline. The values of these parameters are displayed in color-coded boxes on the Spline Inputs and Configuration GUI screen 80. Once the parameters are entered, you’ll be presented with a geometric representation of the spline coupling model 20.

Creating a spline coupling model 20

The spline coupling model 20 is created by a product model software program 10. The software validates the spline coupling model against a knowledge base of configuration-dependent specification constraints and relationships. This report is then input to the ANSYS stress analyzer program. It lists the spline coupling model 20’s geometric configurations and specification values for each feature. The spline coupling model 20 is automatically recreated every time the configuration or performance specifications of the spline coupling model 20 are modified.
The spline coupling model 20 can be configured using the product model software program 10. A user specifies the axial length of the spline stack, which may be zero, or a fixed length. The user also enters a radial mating face 148, if any, and selects a pilot clearance specification value of 14.5 degrees or 30 degrees.
A user can then use the mouse 110 to modify the spline coupling model 20. The spline coupling knowledge base contains a large number of possible specification values and the spline coupling design rule. If the user tries to change a spline coupling model, the model will show a warning about a violation of another specification. In some cases, the modification may invalidate the design.
In the spline coupling model 20, the user enters additional performance requirement specifications. The user chooses the locations where maximum torque is transferred for the internal and external splines 38 and 40. The maximum torque transfer location is determined by the attachment configuration of the hardware to the shafts. Once this is selected, the user can click “Next” to save the model. A preview of the spline coupling model 20 is displayed.
The model 20 is a representation of a spline coupling. The spline specifications are entered in the order and arrangement as specified on the spline coupling model 20 GUI screen. Once the spline coupling specifications are entered, the product model software program 10 will incorporate them into the spline coupling model 20. This is the last step in spline coupling model creation.
splineshaft

Analysing a spline coupling model 20

An analysis of a spline coupling model consists of inputting its configuration and performance specifications. These specifications may be generated from another computer program. The product model software program 10 then uses its internal knowledge base of configuration dependent specification relationships and constraints to create a valid three-dimensional parametric model 20. This model contains information describing the number and types of spline teeth 32, snaps 34, and shoulder 36.
When you are analysing a spline coupling, the software program 10 will include default values for various specifications. The spline coupling model 20 comprises an internal spline 38 and an external spline 40. Each of the splines includes its own set of parameters, such as its depth, width, length, and radii. The external spline 40 will also contain its own set of parameters, such as its orientation.
Upon selecting these parameters, the software program will perform various analyses on the spline coupling model 20. The software program 10 calculates the nominal and maximal tooth bearing stresses and fatigue life of a spline coupling. It will also determine the difference in torsional windup between an internal and an external spline. The output file from the analysis will be a report file containing model configuration and specification data. The output file may also be used by other computer programs for further analysis.
Once these parameters are set, the user enters the design criteria for the spline coupling model 20. In this step, the user specifies the locations of maximum torque transfer for both the external and internal spline 38. The maximum torque transfer location depends on the configuration of the hardware attached to the shafts. The user may enter up to 4 different performance requirement specifications for each spline.
The results of the analysis show that there are 2 phases of spline coupling. The first phase shows a large increase in stress and vibration. The second phase shows a decline in both stress and vibration levels. The third stage shows a constant meshing force between 300N and 320N. This behavior continues for a longer period of time, until the final stage engages with the surface.
splineshaft

Misalignment of a spline coupling

A study aimed to investigate the position of the resultant contact force in a spline coupling engaging teeth under a steady torque and rotating misalignment. The study used numerical methods based on Finite Element Method (FEM) models. It produced numerical results for nominal conditions and parallel offset misalignment. The study considered 2 levels of misalignment – 0.02 mm and 0.08 mm – with different loading levels.
The results showed that the misalignment between the splines and rotors causes a change in the meshing force of the spline-rotor coupling system. Its dynamics is governed by the meshing force of splines. The meshing force of a misaligned spline coupling is related to the rotor-spline coupling system parameters, the transmitting torque, and the dynamic vibration displacement.
Despite the lack of precise measurements, the misalignment of splines is a common problem. This problem is compounded by the fact that splines usually feature backlash. This backlash is the result of the misaligned spline. The authors analyzed several splines, varying pitch diameters, and length/diameter ratios.
A spline coupling is a two-dimensional mechanical system, which has positive backlash. The spline coupling is comprised of a hub and shaft, and has tip-to-root clearances that are larger than the backlash. A form-clearance is sufficient to prevent tip-to-root fillet contact. The torque on the splines is transmitted via friction.
When a spline coupling is misaligned, a torque-biased thrust force is generated. In such a situation, the force can exceed the torque, causing the component to lose its alignment. The two-way transmission of torque and thrust is modeled analytically in the present study. The analytical approach provides solutions that can be integrated into the design process. So, the next time you are faced with a misaligned spline coupling problem, make sure to use an analytical approach!
In this study, the spline coupling is analyzed under nominal conditions without a parallel offset misalignment. The stiffness values obtained are the percentage difference between the nominal pitch diameter and load application diameter. Moreover, the maximum percentage difference in the measured pitch diameter is 1.60% under a torque of 5000 N*m. The other parameter, the pitch angle, is taken into consideration in the calculation.

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